Question

Which ethical principle is primarily involved in informed consent?

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

Autonomy

Rationale :

🧭Informed consent centers on a patient's right to self-determination, meaning they must freely decide about care after receiving adequate information.

🗣️It requires that the patient be given material information (nature, risks, benefits, alternatives) to make a voluntary choice reflecting their values.

🧩While honesty (veracity) and doing good (beneficence) support the process, the primary ethical principle driving consent is the patient's autonomy.

🔐Respecting autonomy ensures that treatment is not performed without authorization, safeguarding patient rights and legal/ethical standards.

📌Core Message

Respecting autonomy is the core of informed consent—patients must receive adequate information and make a voluntary decision aligned with their values.

Answer 2

Correct Answers:

Paternalism

Rationale :

👨‍⚕️Saying “If you were my grandmother, I would want you to have this surgery” imposes the clinician’s personal preference over the patient’s values.

🧭This reflects paternalism, where a provider guides or pressures decisions based on what they believe is best, potentially overriding autonomy.

🗣️The phrasing leverages emotional influence rather than neutral, patient-centered information.

⚖️Ethically, this approach risks compromising informed, voluntary choice, signaling paternalistic rather than purely supportive counseling.

📌Core Message

The statement exemplifies paternalism—the clinician’s values overshadow the patient’s autonomous decision-making.

Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Justice

Rationale :

⚖️Allocating a single ventilator based on fairness and equitable criteria reflects the principle of justice.

📊Justice emphasizes fair distribution of limited resources using impartial standards rather than personal characteristics.

🏥Selecting the candidate with better prognosis or potential benefit aligns with distributive justice in crisis standards.

🧭This aims to maximize fairness and consistency in decisions affecting multiple patients simultaneously.

📌Core Message

This is about justice—using impartial, equitable criteria to distribute scarce resources fairly.

Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Fidelity

Rationale :

🤝Promising to check on a patient at a specific time and call updates demonstrates keeping commitments, the essence of fidelity.

📞Fidelity requires trustworthiness, reliability, and following through on professional promises to patients and families.

🧭Upholding fidelity strengthens the therapeutic relationship and patient/family trust.

🔁This duty persists across shifts, emphasizing continuity and honoring obligations made.

📌Core Message

Fidelity is honoring promises and being reliable, which sustains trust in care.

Answer 5

Correct Answers:

Beneficence

Rationale :

💡Providing sitters to prevent harm and support safety shows acting for the patient’s good, the core of beneficence.

🛡️Beneficence involves proactive measures to promote well-being and reduce risk.

🏥Implementing sitters beyond alarms indicates striving for optimal outcomes, not just minimal compliance.

🔄This aligns care with the obligation to help and protect vulnerable patients.

📌Core Message

Beneficence means taking positive actions to promote safety and well-being.

Answer 6

Correct Answers:

Autonomy

Rationale :

🧠Refusing medication because of personal experience reflects the patient’s self-determination, the essence of autonomy.

📋Even for adolescents, clinicians should assess decision-making capacity and preferences, engaging in shared decision-making.

🗣️Respecting autonomy means acknowledging the patient’s values and choices, while still providing education on risks/benefits.

⚖️Ethically, the primary principle engaged by a refusal is autonomy, even when legal consent nuances for minors may apply.

📌Core Message

The scenario centers on autonomy—honoring a capable patient’s informed refusal consistent with their values.

Answer 7

Correct Answers:

confidentiality.

Rationale :

🔒Sharing a password to access records exposes protected health information to an unauthorized party, violating confidentiality.

🧾Confidentiality is the duty to safeguard patient information disclosed in care from improper disclosure.

🖥️The scenario is specifically about information access, distinguishing it from general privacy involving personal space/autonomy.

⚠️Protecting login credentials and audit trails is fundamental to maintaining confidential information security.

📌Core Message

This breaches confidentiality—the obligation to protect patient information from unauthorized disclosure.

Answer 8

Correct Answers:

Negligence

Rationale :

🚫Sexually explicit remarks are an intentional professional boundary violation, not a failure to exercise reasonable care.

⚖️Malpractice is a form of professional negligence requiring proof of duty, breach, causation, and injury—here the negligence element does not fit.

🧭Because the conduct is intentional misconduct, it aligns more with intentional torts and professional boundary violations, not negligence.

🧩Thus, negligence does not apply as a supporting condition for a malpractice claim in this scenario, even if other harms are alleged.

📌Core Message

The act is intentional, not negligent; therefore negligence does not support a malpractice claim here.

Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Conceptualization

Rationale :

🧠In Thomas’ model, differing interpretations of the same orders reflect conceptualization (perception and role of emotions).

🧭This stage explains how parties frame the problem, which shapes subsequent behaviors.

🗣️Expressing reasons and perspectives signals active sense-making rather than immediate action or outcomes.

🔁From conceptualization, parties then move to action (behaviors) and ultimately outcomes (resolution/continuation).

📌Core Message

The nurses are in conceptualization—they’re forming perceptions that guide later actions and outcomes.

Answer 10

Correct Answers:

participation.

Rationale :

🧑‍🤝‍🧑Involving stakeholders early fosters participation, generating buy-in and shared ownership.

🧰Early engagement improves readiness and aligns expectations, reducing later resistance.

🔄Participation enhances feedback loops, improving plan quality and coordination during rollout.

🚀When people help shape change, they’re more likely to support and sustain it.

📌Core Message

Early involvement promotes participation, strengthening buy-in, reducing resistance, and improving implementation.

1 :
Which ethical principle is primarily involved in informed consent?

2 :
Identify the ethical principle demonstrated in the statement:
“If you were my grandmother, I would want you to have this surgery.”

3 :
Determine the ethical principle applied in this scenario:
Mrs. Smith is 29 with no medical problems. Mrs. Jones is 84 with COPD, diabetes, and CHF. Only one ventilator remains. The Ethics Committee decides Mrs. Smith should receive it.

4 :
Match the ethical principle to this nurse’s statement:
"Do not worry. I promise to check on your mother when I leave at 7 p.m. and call you with any updates immediately."

5 :
Identify the ethical principle reflected in this practice:
To promote safety, the hospital assigns sitters to confused patients at risk for falls, even with bed alarms in place.

6 :
Determine the ethical principle illustrated in the following case:
A 16-year-old refuses medication because of how it makes them feel.

7 :
A colleague asks you to give her your password access so that she can view her partner's healthcare record without using her login. This request violates the patient's right to:

8 :
A nurse on your inpatient psychiatric unit is found to have made sexually explicit remarks toward a patient with a previous history of sexual abuse. The patient sues, claiming malpractice. What conditions do not apply in this situation and do not support malpractice?

10 :
The nurse decides to involve those to be affected by change early in the change management process. This can positively result in:

1 : Which ethical principle is primarily involved in informed consent?

2 : Identify the ethical principle demonstrated in the statement: “If you were my grandmother, I would want you to have this surgery.”

3 : Determine the ethical principle applied in this scenario:Mrs. Smith is 29 with no medical problems. Mrs. Jones is 84 with COPD, diabetes, and CHF. Only one ventilator remains. The Ethics Committee decides Mrs. Smith should receive it.

4 : Match the ethical principle to this nurse’s statement:"Do not worry. I promise to check on your mother when I leave at 7 p.m. and call you with any updates immediately."

5 : Identify the ethical principle reflected in this practice:To promote safety, the hospital assigns sitters to confused patients at risk for falls, even with bed alarms in place.

6 : Determine the ethical principle illustrated in the following case:A 16-year-old refuses medication because of how it makes them feel.

7 : A colleague asks you to give her your password access so that she can view her partner's healthcare record without using her login. This request violates the patient's right to:

8 : A nurse on your inpatient psychiatric unit is found to have made sexually explicit remarks toward a patient with a previous history of sexual abuse. The patient sues, claiming malpractice. What conditions do not apply in this situation and do not support malpractice?

10 : The nurse decides to involve those to be affected by change early in the change management process. This can positively result in:

1 :
Which ethical principle is primarily involved in informed consent?

2 :
Identify the ethical principle demonstrated in the statement:
“If you were my grandmother, I would want you to have this surgery.”

3 :
Determine the ethical principle applied in this scenario:
Mrs. Smith is 29 with no medical problems. Mrs. Jones is 84 with COPD, diabetes, and CHF. Only one ventilator remains. The Ethics Committee decides Mrs. Smith should receive it.

4 :
Match the ethical principle to this nurse’s statement:
"Do not worry. I promise to check on your mother when I leave at 7 p.m. and call you with any updates immediately."

5 :
Identify the ethical principle reflected in this practice:
To promote safety, the hospital assigns sitters to confused patients at risk for falls, even with bed alarms in place.

6 :
Determine the ethical principle illustrated in the following case:
A 16-year-old refuses medication because of how it makes them feel.

7 :
A colleague asks you to give her your password access so that she can view her partner's healthcare record without using her login. This request violates the patient's right to:

8 :
A nurse on your inpatient psychiatric unit is found to have made sexually explicit remarks toward a patient with a previous history of sexual abuse. The patient sues, claiming malpractice. What conditions do not apply in this situation and do not support malpractice?

10 :
The nurse decides to involve those to be affected by change early in the change management process. This can positively result in: