Question

The nurse working at a community event provides information about the primary prevention of cancer. What is an example of primary cancer prevention?

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

Immunization

Rationale :

🛡️Primary prevention focuses on stopping cancer development before it begins by reducing risk factors.

💉Immunization such as HPV vaccination prevents infections that can lead to cancer formation.

🚫Cancer screening and colonoscopy are forms of secondary prevention because they detect disease early rather than prevent it.

🧪Chemotherapy is tertiary treatment because it is used after cancer diagnosis to manage disease.

📌Core Message

Immunization is primary prevention because it prevents cancer risk before disease starts.

Answer 2

Correct Answers:

The client has a history of obstructive sleep apnea.

Rationale :

💁‍♂️Obstructive sleep apnea increases risk of airway obstruction and respiratory depression with anesthesia and opioids.

👉Postoperative complications like hypoxemia are more likely because ventilation can worsen during sedation.

🩺A blood pressure of 140/85 is mildly elevated and usually manageable with perioperative monitoring.

🧠Fear of anesthesia is important for education, but it is not as immediately dangerous as airway risk from OSA.

📌Core Message

Obstructive sleep apnea is critical because it increases airway and respiratory risk during surgery.

Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Ensure the client's pain is well managed.
Contact spiritual services to speak with the client.

Rationale :

💊Ensuring pain management supports comfort and improves overall quality of life in advanced cancer.

🙏Contacting spiritual services supports coping, meaning, and emotional well-being during serious illness.

🚽Providing stool softeners for loose stools is inappropriate because it can worsen diarrhea and dehydration.

🍟Encouraging high-fat foods is not a universal nutrition strategy and may worsen GI intolerance during chemotherapy.

📌Core Message

Quality of life improves with strong pain control and supportive spiritual care.

Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Provide pain medication and reassess use of the spirometer

Rationale :

💁‍♂️Deep breathing and incentive spirometry prevent atelectasis by expanding alveoli and improving ventilation.

💢Uncontrolled incisional pain reduces lung expansion and causes shallow breathing, increasing post-op pulmonary risk.

💊Providing pain medication supports participation in pulmonary hygiene and improves oxygenation.

👉Addressing pain first is an evidence-based intervention to restore effective breathing exercises.

📌Core Message

Treat pain first so the client can do deep breathing to prevent atelectasis.

Answer 5

Correct Answers:

167 mi/hr

Rationale :

💁‍♂️Correct IV rate uses volume ÷ time to ensure accurate infusion dosing.

⏱️Ninety minutes equals 1.5 hours, which is necessary for safe rate conversion.

💧Calculation is 250 mL ÷ 1.5 hr, which equals 166.7 mL/hr for correct pump setting.

👉Rounding gives 167 mL/hr, supporting safe vancomycin administration and avoiding infusion complications.

📌Core Message

Set IV pumps using volume ÷ time after converting minutes to hours for safe dosing.

Answer 6

Correct Answers:

Respect the client's statement and immediately notify the surgeon of the client's decision.

Rationale :

💁‍♂️Clients have the right of autonomy, meaning they can withdraw consent at any time.

📣The nurse must notify the surgeon because proceeding without consent violates legal and ethical standards.

💊Giving an anxiolytic could impair decision-making capacity, which threatens valid informed consent.

👉A signed form is not a permanent contract if the client changes their mind, because consent must be ongoing.

📌Core Message

Autonomy requires stopping and notifying the surgeon when a client withdraws consent.

Answer 7

Correct Answers:

Pulmonary embolism

Rationale :

💁‍♂️Sudden chest pain with hemoptysis is highly concerning for a pulmonary embolism.

⚡Postoperative clients are at increased risk due to venous stasis and possible DVT formation.

👉Tachypnea and accessory muscle use indicate worsening respiratory compromise from impaired perfusion.

🚨PE is life-threatening and requires rapid escalation because it can cause hypoxemia and hemodynamic collapse.

📌Core Message

Sudden post-op dyspnea with hemoptysis suggests pulmonary embolism, a critical emergency.

Answer 8

Correct Answers:

Notify the healthcare provider of possible infection.

Rationale :

🦠Warmth, redness, and purulent drainage are classic signs of surgical site infection.

📣The nurse must notify the provider for prompt cultures, antibiotics, and possible treatment changes.

🚿Rinsing without orders may disrupt wound healing and delay appropriate diagnostic evaluation.

🚨Early reporting prevents worsening sepsis risk and protects tissue integrity.

📌Core Message

Purulent drainage signals likely infection, requiring prompt provider notification for treatment.

Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Avoid use of cigarettes and smokeless tobacco

Rationale :

🚭Avoiding tobacco reduces exposure to carcinogens that increase risk of multiple cancers, including breast cancer.

🧬Risk reduction focuses on modifying lifestyle factors that contribute to malignancy development.

🔍Monthly breast exams are screening, which is secondary prevention, not direct risk reduction.

🍖Increasing red meats is not a recommended risk reduction strategy and can worsen health outcomes.

📌Core Message

Avoiding tobacco reduces carcinogen exposure and supports cancer risk reduction.

Answer 10

Correct Answers:

25 ml/hr

Rationale :

💁‍♂️Pump rate calculation uses volume ÷ time to deliver a precise infusion dose.

💧Total volume is 100 mL, and total time is 4 hours for the ordered extended infusion.

⏱️Calculation is 100 mL ÷ 4 hr, which equals 25 mL/hr for correct IV pump programming.

👉Accurate rate supports safe antibiotic delivery and maintains therapeutic drug exposure.

📌Core Message

IV pump rate is found using volume ÷ time to ensure accurate antibiotic infusion.

1 :
The nurse working at a community event provides information about the primary prevention of cancer. What is an example of primary cancer prevention?

2 :
A 80-year-old client is scheduled for hernia surgery. Which preoperative assessment finding is most critical to address before surgery?

3 :
A client has been admitted to the hospital for an infection. The client has recently been diagnosed with stage 4 breast cancer and has been undergoing chemotherapy. What interventions can the nurse implement to improve the client's quality of life? Select all that apply.

4 :
A nurse is caring for a postoperative client who is reluctant to perform deep breathing exercises due to incisional pain. What is the most appropriate initial nursing action to help prevent atelectasis?

5 :
The healthcare provider orders 1 gram of Vancomycin IV to be infused over 90 minutes. The pharmacy delivers a premixed bag with 1 gram in 250 ml. What should the nurse set the infusion rate at?

6 :
A client in the preoperative holding area has signed their surgical consent form but tells the nurse, "I've changed my mind, I don't want this surgery anymore." What is the nurse's priority action?

8 :
A client who is one day post-surgery reports increasing pain at the incision site, warmth, redness, and purulent drainage. What is the nurse's priority intervention?

9 :
A nurse is providing education on breast cancer at the community center. What information should the nurse include when discussing ways to decrease the risk of breast cancer?

10 :
Post-op a client is prescribed piperacillin/tazobactam 3.375 g every 12 hours to run over 4 hours each dose. Pharmacy dilutes 3.375 g of piperacillin/tazobactam in 100 ml of normal saline. What should the nurse set the IV pump rate at to deliver the dose over 4 hours?

1 : The nurse working at a community event provides information about the primary prevention of cancer. What is an example of primary cancer prevention?

2 : A 80-year-old client is scheduled for hernia surgery. Which preoperative assessment finding is most critical to address before surgery?

3 : A client has been admitted to the hospital for an infection. The client has recently been diagnosed with stage 4 breast cancer and has been undergoing chemotherapy. What interventions can the nurse implement to improve the client's quality of life? Select all that apply.

4 : A nurse is caring for a postoperative client who is reluctant to perform deep breathing exercises due to incisional pain. What is the most appropriate initial nursing action to help prevent atelectasis?

5 : The healthcare provider orders 1 gram of Vancomycin IV to be infused over 90 minutes. The pharmacy delivers a premixed bag with 1 gram in 250 ml. What should the nurse set the infusion rate at?

6 : A client in the preoperative holding area has signed their surgical consent form but tells the nurse, "I've changed my mind, I don't want this surgery anymore." What is the nurse's priority action?

8 : A client who is one day post-surgery reports increasing pain at the incision site, warmth, redness, and purulent drainage. What is the nurse's priority intervention?

9 : A nurse is providing education on breast cancer at the community center. What information should the nurse include when discussing ways to decrease the risk of breast cancer?

10 : Post-op a client is prescribed piperacillin/tazobactam 3.375 g every 12 hours to run over 4 hours each dose. Pharmacy dilutes 3.375 g of piperacillin/tazobactam in 100 ml of normal saline. What should the nurse set the IV pump rate at to deliver the dose over 4 hours?

1 :
The nurse working at a community event provides information about the primary prevention of cancer. What is an example of primary cancer prevention?

2 :
A 80-year-old client is scheduled for hernia surgery. Which preoperative assessment finding is most critical to address before surgery?

3 :
A client has been admitted to the hospital for an infection. The client has recently been diagnosed with stage 4 breast cancer and has been undergoing chemotherapy. What interventions can the nurse implement to improve the client's quality of life? Select all that apply.

4 :
A nurse is caring for a postoperative client who is reluctant to perform deep breathing exercises due to incisional pain. What is the most appropriate initial nursing action to help prevent atelectasis?

5 :
The healthcare provider orders 1 gram of Vancomycin IV to be infused over 90 minutes. The pharmacy delivers a premixed bag with 1 gram in 250 ml. What should the nurse set the infusion rate at?

6 :
A client in the preoperative holding area has signed their surgical consent form but tells the nurse, "I've changed my mind, I don't want this surgery anymore." What is the nurse's priority action?

8 :
A client who is one day post-surgery reports increasing pain at the incision site, warmth, redness, and purulent drainage. What is the nurse's priority intervention?

9 :
A nurse is providing education on breast cancer at the community center. What information should the nurse include when discussing ways to decrease the risk of breast cancer?

10 :
Post-op a client is prescribed piperacillin/tazobactam 3.375 g every 12 hours to run over 4 hours each dose. Pharmacy dilutes 3.375 g of piperacillin/tazobactam in 100 ml of normal saline. What should the nurse set the IV pump rate at to deliver the dose over 4 hours?