Question

Doctor's Order: Heparin 8,635 units Sub Q bid;

Available: Heparin 10,000 units per mL.

How many mL will you administer? Round to nearest tenth.

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

0.9

Rationale :

🧮The ordered dose is 8,635 units, and the available concentration is 10,000 units/mL.

💉To find the required volume, divide 8,635 ÷ 10,000, which gives 0.8635 mL.

📏Rounded to the nearest tenth, the correct amount is 0.9 mL.

💁‍♂️Therefore, the nurse should administer 0.9 mL of heparin.

📌Core Message

The correct heparin volume for 8,635 units from 10,000 units/mL is 0.9 mL.

Answer 2

Correct Answers:

Turn the patient onto their back and hold them in that position until the seizure has ended

Rationale :

🚫During an active seizure, the nurse should never restrain the patient because restraint can cause injury.

🛏️The safest position is usually on the side, which helps maintain the airway and reduce aspiration risk during a seizure.

⏱️It is appropriate to time the seizure, loosen restrictive clothing, and suction secretions only if it can be done safely without forcing the mouth open.

💁‍♂️Therefore, turning the patient onto the back and holding them there is the unacceptable intervention.

📌Core Message

During a seizure, never restrain the patient or hold them flat on the back.

Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Hypertension (widened pulse pressure), bradycardia, and irregular respirations

Rationale :

🧠Cushing’s triad is a late sign of increased intracranial pressure and possible impending brain herniation.

📈The first sign is hypertension with a widened pulse pressure, reflecting the body’s attempt to maintain cerebral perfusion.

💓The second sign is bradycardia, and the third sign is irregular respirations, both indicating worsening brainstem compression.

✅Together, these three findings make up classic Cushing’s triad.

📌Core Message

Cushing’s triad consists of hypertension, bradycardia, and irregular respirations.

Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) – Most common leukemia in children
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) – Auer rods present
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) – Smudge cells present
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) – Philadelphia chromosome (BCR-ABL) present

Rationale :

🩸The four major leukemia types commonly discussed are ALL, AML, CLL, and CML.

👶ALL is notable because it is the most common leukemia in children.

🔬AML is associated with Auer rods, CLL commonly shows smudge cells, and CML is linked to the Philadelphia chromosome.

🤙These unique features help distinguish each leukemia subtype in clinical learning and diagnosis.

📌Core Message

The main leukemia types are identified by their distinctive cell findings or genetic markers.

Answer 5

Correct Answers:

False

Rationale :

🧠Parkinson’s disease is caused by loss of dopamine-producing neurons, not increased dopamine production.

📉The disease creates a relative imbalance in which decreased dopamine allows acetylcholine effects to become more prominent.

🚶This dopamine deficiency contributes to the classic motor symptoms of tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia.

💁‍♂️Therefore, the statement is false because Parkinson’s disease involves decreased, not increased, dopamine.

📌Core Message

Parkinson’s disease results from decreased dopamine, not increased dopamine.

Answer 6

Correct Answers:

Dysphagia

Rationale :

💁‍♂️A patient with ALS who has shortness of breath and a weak cough is showing progression of neuromuscular weakness.

🍽️Because ALS also weakens the muscles used for swallowing, dysphagia is a common associated concern.

⚠️This is clinically important because dysphagia increases the risk of aspiration, poor nutrition, and respiratory complications.

✅Among the options, dysphagia best fits the expected progression of ALS.

📌Core Message

In ALS, worsening respiratory weakness often occurs alongside dysphagia.

Answer 7

Correct Answers:

1.9

Rationale :

🧮The ordered dose is 75 mcg, and the available concentration is 200 mcg in 5 mL.

💉First find the needed fraction of the vial by calculating 75 ÷ 200, then multiply by 5 mL.

📏That calculation gives 1.875 mL, which rounds to 1.9 mL to the nearest tenth.

💁‍♂️Therefore, the correct Synthroid volume is 1.9 mL.

📌Core Message

The correct Synthroid volume for 75 mcg from 200 mcg per 5 mL is 1.9 mL.

Answer 8

Correct Answers:

Making openings in the skull (Burr Holes)

Rationale :

🧠An epidural hematoma is a neurosurgical emergency because bleeding can expand rapidly and increase intracranial pressure.

🚑Urgent surgical decompression is often needed to prevent herniation and irreversible neurologic damage.

🛠️A burr hole procedure is used to quickly relieve pressure and evacuate the accumulating blood.

🤝Therefore, the nurse should anticipate burr holes rather than anticoagulation, lumbar puncture, or anti-inflammatory therapy.

📌Core Message

A suspected epidural hematoma often requires urgent surgical decompression with burr holes.

Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Benefits of levodopa-carbidopa often diminish after several years of treatment

Rationale :

💊Levodopa-carbidopa is one of the most effective treatments for Parkinson’s disease symptoms because it helps replace deficient dopamine.

⏳Over time, many patients develop wearing-off and motor fluctuations, so the benefit may diminish after several years of treatment.

💁‍♂️This means the patient’s current improvement is likely due to the medication, but long-term response often becomes less consistent.

❌The option stating adverse effects will likely appear within 6 to 9 months is too absolute, making C the best answer.

📌Core Message

Levodopa-carbidopa works well in Parkinson’s disease, but its benefits often lessen over several years.

Answer 10

Correct Answers:

Prepare an advance directive and choose a health care power of attorney

Rationale :

📝A patient with ALS should communicate future care wishes through an advance directive and designation of a health care power of attorney.

🧠This approach helps ensure that treatment preferences are honored as the disease progresses and communication may become more difficult.

👨‍⚕️Choosing a trusted decision-maker supports clear guidance about life-sustaining treatment and end-of-life care.

💁‍♂️Therefore, preparing an advance directive and selecting a health care proxy is the best answer.

📌Core Message

A patient with ALS should protect future care wishes with an advance directive and health care power of attorney.

1 :
Doctor's Order: Heparin 8,635 units Sub Q bid;
Available: Heparin 10,000 units per mL.
How many mL will you administer? Round to nearest tenth.

2 :
You are holding an in-service for new nurses to discuss proper nursing management during an active seizure. All of the following are acceptable except:

3 :
The nurse suspects increased intracranial pressure in her patient and is not surprised to find that he has all three clinical manifestations of Cushing's triad. Please list all three signs. (3 points)

4 :
List the four types of Leukemia we discussed in class and list one specific thing that is unique to each type. (4 points)

5 :
Parkinson's Disease is a neurodegenerative disease caused by increased dopamine production which causes it to dominate Acetylcholine.

6 :
A patient with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is admitted with increased shortness of breath and a weak cough. What additional concerns related to the disease process is this patient likely to present with?

7 :
Doctor's Order: Synthroid 75 mcg IV.
Available: 200 mcg/5mL.
How much do you administer (round to the tenth)?

8 :
A patient is brought to the ED by a family member after falling off the roof. The care team suspects an epidural hematoma, prompting the nurse to anticipate which priority intervention by the provider?

9 :
A patient diagnosed with Parkinson's disease recently began treatment with levodopa-carbidopa (Sinemet). The patient and his family are excited that he has experienced significant symptom relief. You are aware of what implications of the medication regimen?

10 :
A patient diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is overwhelmed by his diagnosis and the known complications of the disease. How can the patient best make known his wishes for care as his disease progresses?

1 : Doctor's Order: Heparin 8,635 units Sub Q bid; Available: Heparin 10,000 units per mL. How many mL will you administer? Round to nearest tenth.

2 : You are holding an in-service for new nurses to discuss proper nursing management during an active seizure. All of the following are acceptable except:

3 : The nurse suspects increased intracranial pressure in her patient and is not surprised to find that he has all three clinical manifestations of Cushing's triad. Please list all three signs. (3 points)

4 : List the four types of Leukemia we discussed in class and list one specific thing that is unique to each type. (4 points)

5 : Parkinson's Disease is a neurodegenerative disease caused by increased dopamine production which causes it to dominate Acetylcholine.

6 : A patient with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is admitted with increased shortness of breath and a weak cough. What additional concerns related to the disease process is this patient likely to present with?

7 : Doctor's Order: Synthroid 75 mcg IV. Available: 200 mcg/5mL. How much do you administer (round to the tenth)?

8 : A patient is brought to the ED by a family member after falling off the roof. The care team suspects an epidural hematoma, prompting the nurse to anticipate which priority intervention by the provider?

9 : A patient diagnosed with Parkinson's disease recently began treatment with levodopa-carbidopa (Sinemet). The patient and his family are excited that he has experienced significant symptom relief. You are aware of what implications of the medication regimen?

10 : A patient diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is overwhelmed by his diagnosis and the known complications of the disease. How can the patient best make known his wishes for care as his disease progresses?

1 :
Doctor's Order: Heparin 8,635 units Sub Q bid;
Available: Heparin 10,000 units per mL.
How many mL will you administer? Round to nearest tenth.

2 :
You are holding an in-service for new nurses to discuss proper nursing management during an active seizure. All of the following are acceptable except:

3 :
The nurse suspects increased intracranial pressure in her patient and is not surprised to find that he has all three clinical manifestations of Cushing's triad. Please list all three signs. (3 points)

4 :
List the four types of Leukemia we discussed in class and list one specific thing that is unique to each type. (4 points)

5 :
Parkinson's Disease is a neurodegenerative disease caused by increased dopamine production which causes it to dominate Acetylcholine.

6 :
A patient with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is admitted with increased shortness of breath and a weak cough. What additional concerns related to the disease process is this patient likely to present with?

7 :
Doctor's Order: Synthroid 75 mcg IV.
Available: 200 mcg/5mL.
How much do you administer (round to the tenth)?

8 :
A patient is brought to the ED by a family member after falling off the roof. The care team suspects an epidural hematoma, prompting the nurse to anticipate which priority intervention by the provider?

9 :
A patient diagnosed with Parkinson's disease recently began treatment with levodopa-carbidopa (Sinemet). The patient and his family are excited that he has experienced significant symptom relief. You are aware of what implications of the medication regimen?

10 :
A patient diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is overwhelmed by his diagnosis and the known complications of the disease. How can the patient best make known his wishes for care as his disease progresses?