Question

Which of the following common cancer related side effects impact the gastrointestinal system (Select all that apply):

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

Constipation
Nausea
Loss of Appetite

Rationale :

🧻Constipation is a very common gastrointestinal side effect in cancer clients, often worsened by opioids, reduced mobility, and some antiemetics.

🤢Nausea directly involves the GI tract and is frequently triggered by chemotherapy, radiation, and certain medications.

🍽️Loss of appetite is a common GI-related symptom that reduces intake and can contribute to weight loss and malnutrition.

🧠These symptoms are categorized as GI effects because they affect digestion, intake, or bowel elimination.

📌Core Message

GI cancer side effects commonly include constipation, nausea, and loss of appetite because they directly affect intake and elimination.

Answer 2

Correct Answers:

Right supervision and evaluation

Rationale :

🧭Right supervision and evaluation means the RN must monitor, verify completion, and evaluate the patient response after a delegated task.

📝Documenting the patient walked 150 feet shows the RN evaluated the outcome, not just assigned the task.

👀Following up confirms the UAP performed the task safely and that the patient tolerated ambulation without complications.

🏥This right protects patient safety by ensuring the RN remains accountable for overall care outcomes.

📌Core Message

The RN met right supervision and evaluation by following up and documenting the outcome of the delegated ambulation.

Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Dyspnea
Tachycardia
Pallor

Rationale :

🌬️Dyspnea occurs because severe anemia reduces oxygen-carrying capacity, leading to shortness of breath especially with activity.

💓Tachycardia is a compensatory response as the heart increases rate to deliver more oxygenated blood to tissues.

🎭Pallor results from decreased hemoglobin concentration, making skin and mucous membranes appear pale.

⚠️These findings reflect systemic effects of tissue hypoxia caused by profound anemia.

📌Core Message

Severe anemia causes tissue hypoxia, leading to dyspnea, tachycardia, and pallor.

Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Decreased erythropoietin production

Rationale :

🏭Healthy kidneys produce erythropoietin (EPO), the hormone that stimulates the bone marrow to make red blood cells.

🩸In chronic kidney disease, damaged kidneys produce less EPO, so RBC production drops and anemia develops.

📉This is typically a normocytic, normochromic anemia because the main issue is decreased production, not abnormal RBC size.

🧬Treatments often include EPO-stimulating agents because the root cause is low erythropoietin.

📌Core Message

CKD causes anemia mainly through decreased erythropoietin production, lowering RBC formation.

Answer 5

Correct Answers:

40 gtt/min

Rationale :

⏱️Use gtt/min = (mL/hr × gtt/mL) ÷ 60 to convert hourly flow into drops per minute.

🧮Plugging in values gives (40 × 60) ÷ 60, which simplifies by canceling the 60s.

💧This results in 40 gtt/min, matching the needed rate using microdrip tubing (60 gtt/mL).

✅Microdrip sets make the math cleaner because mL/hr equals gtt/min when the factor is 60 gtt/mL.

📌Core Message

Using (mL/hr × gtt/mL) ÷ 60, a rate of 40 mL/hr with 60 gtt/mL equals 40 gtt/min.

Answer 6

Correct Answers:

Obtain a culture of the lesions

Rationale :

🧫Severe mucositis with ulcers increases risk for infection, including fungal, viral, or bacterial causes.

🛡️Obtaining a culture helps identify the organism and guides targeted treatment (instead of guessing).

🩺Chemotherapy suppresses immunity, so oral lesions can worsen quickly and require prompt identification.

📋This action supports safe care by enabling appropriate antimicrobial therapy and reducing complications.

📌Core Message

With severe mucositis, obtaining a culture supports early detection of infection and guides targeted treatment.

Answer 7

Correct Answers:

Provide assistance with ambulation
Monitor oxygen saturation
Obtain a stool specimen for occult blood
Schedule daily rest periods

Rationale :

🚶Providing assistance with ambulation reduces fall risk because anemia causes weakness, dizziness, and poor activity tolerance.

📟Monitoring oxygen saturation helps assess the impact of reduced oxygen delivery from low hemoglobin.

🩸Obtaining stool for occult blood supports evaluation for hidden bleeding, a common cause of low Hgb/Hct.

🛏️Scheduling daily rest periods helps conserve energy and decreases oxygen demand in symptomatic anemia.

📌Core Message

Anemia care focuses on safe activity, monitoring oxygenation, checking for bleeding, and planning rest to reduce demand.

Answer 8

Correct Answers:

Increased risk for hair loss in the affected area
Taste sensation loss or changes
Increased risk for skin breakdown

Rationale :

💇Radiation can cause hair loss in the treated field, so loss may occur where radiation passes through tissue.

👅Radiation to head/neck commonly alters taste sensation due to effects on oral mucosa and salivary glands.

🧴Skin in the radiation area is prone to breakdown/irritation because radiation damages rapidly dividing skin cells.

🎯These effects are typically localized to the area receiving radiation rather than whole-body effects.

📌Core Message

Head/neck radiation commonly causes localized hair loss, taste changes, and skin breakdown in the treated area.

Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Restore circulating blood volume and replace clotting factors

Rationale :

🩸DIC consumes platelets and clotting factors, so patients develop bleeding risk and poor coagulation.

🧊Fresh Frozen Plasma replaces depleted clotting factors, improving coagulation capacity.

🧫Platelets raise platelet count to support hemostasis and reduce bleeding risk.

🧃Packed RBCs improve oxygen-carrying capacity and help restore effective circulating components after blood loss.

📌Core Message

In DIC, PRBCs, platelets, and FFP work to restore blood components and replace clotting factors to stabilize circulation.

Answer 10

Correct Answers:

Increase intake of red meat and poultry
Consume more leafy green vegetables
Take iron supplements with vitamin C-rich foods

Rationale :

🥩Red meat and poultry provide heme iron, which is absorbed more efficiently than non-heme sources.

🥬Leafy green vegetables supply non-heme iron, supporting increased dietary iron intake.

🍊Taking iron with vitamin C-rich foods boosts absorption by converting iron into a more absorbable form.

📈These strategies directly address the core issue in iron-deficiency anemia: insufficient available iron for hemoglobin synthesis.

📌Core Message

Iron-deficiency anemia improves with heme iron sources, iron-rich plants, and vitamin C to enhance iron absorption.

1 :
Which of the following common cancer related side effects impact the gastrointestinal system (Select all that apply):

2 :
A stable postoperative patient requires ambulation in the hallway. The RN delegates the task to a UAP, provides instructions, and later documents that the patient walked 150 feet. Which right of delegation did the RN fulfill by following up and documenting the outcome?

3 :
A nurse is assessing a patient with a Hemoglobin of 6 g/dL. Which of the following findings would the nurse expect to find? (Select all that apply)

4 :
A patient with chronic kidney disease develops anemia primarily due to which pathophysiologic change?

5 :
You must administer normal saline 1 L at 40 mL/hr. You do not have a pump. You use tubing that has a drop factor of 60 gtt/mL What will your drip rate be?

6 :
A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving chemotherapy and has mucositis that include severe mouth ulcers. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

7 :
A nurse is planning care for a patient who has Hbg 7.5 g/dL and Hct 21.5%. Which if the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care? Select all that apply:

8 :
A male client is about to undergo radiation therapy for pharyngeal cancer and asks what side effects are expected from this therapy. Which side effects does the nurse teach the client to expect? (Select all that apply.)

9 :
A patient with DIC is receiving packed RBCs, platelets, and Fresh Frozen Plasma. What is the expected outcome of this treatment?

10 :
A patient with iron-deficiency anemia reports fatigue and shortness of breath on exertion. Which dietary recommendations should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply

1 : Which of the following common cancer related side effects impact the gastrointestinal system (Select all that apply):

2 : A stable postoperative patient requires ambulation in the hallway. The RN delegates the task to a UAP, provides instructions, and later documents that the patient walked 150 feet. Which right of delegation did the RN fulfill by following up and documenting the outcome?

3 : A nurse is assessing a patient with a Hemoglobin of 6 g/dL. Which of the following findings would the nurse expect to find? (Select all that apply)

4 : A patient with chronic kidney disease develops anemia primarily due to which pathophysiologic change?

5 : You must administer normal saline 1 L at 40 mL/hr. You do not have a pump. You use tubing that has a drop factor of 60 gtt/mL What will your drip rate be?

6 : A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving chemotherapy and has mucositis that include severe mouth ulcers. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

7 : A nurse is planning care for a patient who has Hbg 7.5 g/dL and Hct 21.5%. Which if the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care? Select all that apply:

8 : A male client is about to undergo radiation therapy for pharyngeal cancer and asks what side effects are expected from this therapy. Which side effects does the nurse teach the client to expect? (Select all that apply.)

9 : A patient with DIC is receiving packed RBCs, platelets, and Fresh Frozen Plasma. What is the expected outcome of this treatment?

10 : A patient with iron-deficiency anemia reports fatigue and shortness of breath on exertion. Which dietary recommendations should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply

1 :
Which of the following common cancer related side effects impact the gastrointestinal system (Select all that apply):

2 :
A stable postoperative patient requires ambulation in the hallway. The RN delegates the task to a UAP, provides instructions, and later documents that the patient walked 150 feet. Which right of delegation did the RN fulfill by following up and documenting the outcome?

3 :
A nurse is assessing a patient with a Hemoglobin of 6 g/dL. Which of the following findings would the nurse expect to find? (Select all that apply)

4 :
A patient with chronic kidney disease develops anemia primarily due to which pathophysiologic change?

5 :
You must administer normal saline 1 L at 40 mL/hr. You do not have a pump. You use tubing that has a drop factor of 60 gtt/mL What will your drip rate be?

6 :
A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving chemotherapy and has mucositis that include severe mouth ulcers. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

7 :
A nurse is planning care for a patient who has Hbg 7.5 g/dL and Hct 21.5%. Which if the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care? Select all that apply:

8 :
A male client is about to undergo radiation therapy for pharyngeal cancer and asks what side effects are expected from this therapy. Which side effects does the nurse teach the client to expect? (Select all that apply.)

9 :
A patient with DIC is receiving packed RBCs, platelets, and Fresh Frozen Plasma. What is the expected outcome of this treatment?

10 :
A patient with iron-deficiency anemia reports fatigue and shortness of breath on exertion. Which dietary recommendations should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply