Question

The primary care provider has ordered the antitubercular pyrazinamide (PZA) for a client with tuberculosis. The nurse will instruct the client to:

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

Increase fluid intake.

Rationale :

💧Pyrazinamide (PZA) can increase uric acid levels and place the client at risk for hyperuricemia.

🩺Adequate fluid intake supports renal excretion of uric acid and helps reduce complications associated with its accumulation.

🧪Clients receiving PZA should also have liver function monitored because hepatotoxicity is an important adverse effect.

📚Therefore, encouraging adequate hydration is the most appropriate teaching among the available choices.

📌Core Message

Pyrazinamide therapy requires adequate hydration and monitoring for hyperuricemia and hepatotoxicity.

Answer 2

Correct Answers:

Airway Obstruction
Pulmonary infections
Genetic disorders

Rationale :

💁‍♂️Bronchiectasis develops when chronic airway damage causes permanent abnormal dilation of the bronchi.

🦠Repeated pulmonary infections can damage bronchial walls and contribute to progressive airway destruction.

🧬Genetic disorders, particularly cystic fibrosis and disorders affecting mucociliary clearance, can predispose a client to bronchiectasis.

🚧Persistent airway obstruction can impair secretion clearance, resulting in recurrent infection and subsequent bronchial damage.

📌Core Message

Bronchiectasis commonly results from recurrent pulmonary infection, airway obstruction, or underlying genetic disorders that damage bronchial structures.

Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Pneumothorax; give supplemental oxygen and continue to monitor the client

Rationale :

🤙Sudden dyspnea, severe hypoxemia, asymmetric chest movement, and unilateral decreased breath sounds strongly indicate a pneumothorax.

⚠️Clients with COPD may develop spontaneous pneumothorax when fragile emphysematous blebs rupture during forceful coughing.

💨Providing supplemental oxygen supports oxygenation while the client receives further evaluation and definitive treatment if required.

🩺Continued close respiratory monitoring is essential because a pneumothorax can worsen and progress to life-threatening respiratory compromise.

📌Core Message

Sudden hypoxemia, unilateral diminished breath sounds, and asymmetric chest movement in COPD should raise concern for pneumothorax requiring oxygen and urgent monitoring.

Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Level of consciousness
Arterial blood gas
Vital signs

Rationale :

🧠Changes in level of consciousness can indicate worsening hypoxemia or hypercapnia in a client with acute respiratory failure.

🧪Arterial blood gases provide critical information regarding oxygenation, ventilation, and acid-base status.

❤️Frequent vital signs help detect respiratory deterioration, shock, hemodynamic instability, or complications from thoracic trauma.

🚑Because the client is critically ill and mechanically ventilated, respiratory and hemodynamic parameters take priority over nonurgent assessments.

📌Core Message

Acute respiratory failure requires close monitoring of level of consciousness, arterial blood gases, and vital signs for rapid detection of deterioration.

Answer 5

Correct Answers:

Self-care and the therapeutic regimen

Rationale :

🌬️Effective asthma self-management enables clients to recognize worsening symptoms and intervene before severe exacerbations develop.

💊Understanding the therapeutic regimen promotes correct use of controller medications, rescue inhalers, and prescribed preventive treatments.

📈Education about peak-flow monitoring, trigger avoidance, and an asthma action plan can reduce preventable emergency visits and readmissions.

🏠For this reason, teaching focused on self-care behaviors has the greatest direct impact on long-term disease control.

📌Core Message

Strong asthma self-management and adherence to the therapeutic regimen are central to preventing exacerbations and hospital readmissions.

Answer 6

Correct Answers:

Beclomethasone

Rationale :

👃Intranasal beclomethasone is a corticosteroid that can irritate and dry the nasal mucosa.

🩸Chronic local irritation can increase the risk for epistaxis, particularly in clients already experiencing frequent nosebleeds.

🎯Proper spray technique should direct the medication away from the nasal septum to reduce mucosal trauma.

📚Beclomethasone is the medication most associated with recurrent nasal bleeding among these options.

📌Core Message

Intranasal corticosteroids such as beclomethasone can cause nasal dryness, irritation, and epistaxis.

Answer 7

Correct Answers:

Rinse their mouth after using Fluticasone.

Rationale :

💁‍♂️Fluticasone is an inhaled corticosteroid used for long-term control of airway inflammation in asthma.

🍄Inhaled corticosteroids increase the risk of oral candidiasis because medication can remain deposited in the mouth and throat.

💧Rinsing the mouth after each dose removes residual corticosteroid particles and reduces fungal overgrowth.

👉The client should rinse, gargle, and spit after using the inhaler to promote proper oral hygiene.

📌Core Message

Clients using inhaled fluticasone should rinse and spit after each dose to reduce the risk of oral candidiasis.

Answer 8

Correct Answers:

"A PFT measures lung volume, ventilatory function and mechanics of breathing."

Rationale :

💎Pulmonary function tests evaluate several components of respiratory function rather than only one measurement.

🔵PFTs assess lung volumes, capacities, airflow rates, and ventilatory performance.

🌬️Tests such as spirometry can identify obstructive and restrictive patterns by measuring airflow and lung mechanics.

🩺The most complete description is that PFTs evaluate lung volume, ventilation, and mechanics of breathing.

📌Core Message

Pulmonary function testing evaluates lung volumes, airflow, ventilatory function, and respiratory mechanics to characterize pulmonary impairment.

Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Short acting beta2 agonist

Rationale :

🚨Audible wheezing, accessory muscle use, and reduced oxygen saturation indicate acute bronchospasm with respiratory distress.

💨A short-acting beta2 agonist, such as albuterol, rapidly relaxes bronchial smooth muscle and produces bronchodilation.

⏱️These medications have a rapid onset and are considered rescue medications during acute asthma or bronchospasm episodes.

👉A SABA is the appropriate medication class to anticipate for immediate symptom relief.

📌Core Message

Acute bronchospasm with wheezing and respiratory distress requires a rapid-acting short-acting beta2 agonist for immediate airway relief.

Answer 10

Correct Answers:

The client has three negative sputum cultures.

Rationale :

🦠Pulmonary tuberculosis is transmitted through airborne droplet nuclei containing Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

🔬Repeated negative sputum specimens provide direct evidence that organisms are no longer being detected in respiratory secretions.

🩺Clinical improvement alone does not reliably establish that the client is no longer infectious.

📋Among the available choices, three negative sputum cultures provide the strongest evidence that transmission risk has substantially decreased.

📌Core Message

A client with pulmonary tuberculosis is considered substantially less infectious after effective therapy and repeatedly negative sputum testing, with three negative specimens supporting discontinuation of isolation.

1 :
The primary care provider has ordered the antitubercular pyrazinamide (PZA) for a client with tuberculosis. The nurse will instruct the client to:

2 :
Bronchiectasis is a pulmonary disease separate for COPD. Bronchiectasis can be caused by a variety of conditions including what?

5 :
The hospital case manager for a group of recently discharged clients with asthma is providing health education. Which aspect of client teaching would have the greatest impact on preventing readmissions?

6 :
The nurse is performing the health interview of a client with chronic rhinosinusitis who experiences frequent nose bleeds. The nurse asks the client about the current medication regimen. Which medication would put the client at a higher risk for recurrent epistaxis?

7 :
A client has been prescribed Fluticasone propionate (Flovent) for the treatment of asthma. The nurse will educate the client to:

8 :
You are the clinical nurse caring for a client who has a pulmonary function test (PFT) ordered. The client asks you what the test is for. What is your best answer?

9 :
A nurse in the emergency department is assessing a client who has an SPO2 of 91%, audible wheezes and is using accessory muscles when breathing. Which of the following classes of medication should the nurse anticipate a provider to prescribe?

10 :
A client who has been treated for TB asks the nurse when they will be no longer infectious with TB. The nurse will tell the client that they are no longer infectious when:

1 : The primary care provider has ordered the antitubercular pyrazinamide (PZA) for a client with tuberculosis. The nurse will instruct the client to:

2 : Bronchiectasis is a pulmonary disease separate for COPD. Bronchiectasis can be caused by a variety of conditions including what?

5 : The hospital case manager for a group of recently discharged clients with asthma is providing health education. Which aspect of client teaching would have the greatest impact on preventing readmissions?

6 : The nurse is performing the health interview of a client with chronic rhinosinusitis who experiences frequent nose bleeds. The nurse asks the client about the current medication regimen. Which medication would put the client at a higher risk for recurrent epistaxis?

7 : A client has been prescribed Fluticasone propionate (Flovent) for the treatment of asthma. The nurse will educate the client to:

8 : You are the clinical nurse caring for a client who has a pulmonary function test (PFT) ordered. The client asks you what the test is for. What is your best answer?

9 : A nurse in the emergency department is assessing a client who has an SPO2 of 91%, audible wheezes and is using accessory muscles when breathing. Which of the following classes of medication should the nurse anticipate a provider to prescribe?

10 : A client who has been treated for TB asks the nurse when they will be no longer infectious with TB. The nurse will tell the client that they are no longer infectious when:

1 :
The primary care provider has ordered the antitubercular pyrazinamide (PZA) for a client with tuberculosis. The nurse will instruct the client to:

2 :
Bronchiectasis is a pulmonary disease separate for COPD. Bronchiectasis can be caused by a variety of conditions including what?

5 :
The hospital case manager for a group of recently discharged clients with asthma is providing health education. Which aspect of client teaching would have the greatest impact on preventing readmissions?

6 :
The nurse is performing the health interview of a client with chronic rhinosinusitis who experiences frequent nose bleeds. The nurse asks the client about the current medication regimen. Which medication would put the client at a higher risk for recurrent epistaxis?

7 :
A client has been prescribed Fluticasone propionate (Flovent) for the treatment of asthma. The nurse will educate the client to:

8 :
You are the clinical nurse caring for a client who has a pulmonary function test (PFT) ordered. The client asks you what the test is for. What is your best answer?

9 :
A nurse in the emergency department is assessing a client who has an SPO2 of 91%, audible wheezes and is using accessory muscles when breathing. Which of the following classes of medication should the nurse anticipate a provider to prescribe?

10 :
A client who has been treated for TB asks the nurse when they will be no longer infectious with TB. The nurse will tell the client that they are no longer infectious when: