Question

A nurse is teaching a health promotion class about preventing cancer. Which statement by a client indicates understanding of gastric cancer risk factors?

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

"l should decrease eating salted, smoked, processed foods to reduce my risk of gastric cancer."

Rationale :

🧂High intake of salted, smoked, and processed foods has been strongly associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer due to the presence of nitrates and nitrites that can form carcinogenic compounds.

🧪These foods often promote chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa, which can predispose individuals to malignant transformation.

📉Reducing consumption of these items can significantly lower exposure to gastric irritants and carcinogens, thereby decreasing cancer risk.

🌍This recommendation aligns with global cancer prevention guidelines, which emphasize the importance of dietary modification in cancer prevention.

📌Core Message

Avoiding salted, smoked, and processed foods reduces the risk of gastric mucosal damage and subsequent gastric cancer development.

Answer 2

Correct Answers:

An irregular border.
Asymmetrical shape.
Been increasing in size.

Rationale :

🔲Irregular borders, asymmetry, and progressive growth are classic warning signs of malignant skin lesions, especially melanoma.

🧬Melanomas typically show an asymmetrical shape, where one side of the lesion doesn’t match the other in size or shape.

📏An increasing size or changes in diameter and thickness may indicate ongoing malignant transformation.

✒️Irregular borders suggest uncontrolled cellular proliferation and are an important diagnostic criterion.

📌Core Message

Asymmetry, irregular borders, and increasing size are key signs of potential skin cancer that warrant medical attention.

Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Maintain diet of pureed foods.

Rationale :

🥣After an esophagogastrectomy, the client must follow a modified texture diet to prevent complications like aspiration and dumping syndrome.

🛑Pureed foods are easier to swallow and reduce strain on the healing esophageal-gastric junction, supporting recovery.

🧼These foods are also less likely to irritate the mucosa or trigger regurgitation or nausea, common early postoperative symptoms.

📋This dietary guidance is standard in discharge planning to minimize complications and optimize nutritional intake.

📌Core Message

Clients recovering from esophagogastrectomy should follow a pureed food diet to prevent gastrointestinal complications during healing.

Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Penlight

Rationale :

💡Cranial nerve III (oculomotor) is assessed by observing the pupil’s response to light, such as pupil constriction.

👁️A penlight is the essential tool used to test the pupillary light reflex and extraocular movements, which are controlled by CN III.

🧠Damage to CN III can result in ptosis, dilated pupils, or impaired eye movement, making assessment crucial in neurological exams.

🔦This method is quick, noninvasive, and effective in identifying neurological impairments involving cranial nerves.

📌Core Message

A penlight is used to assess oculomotor nerve function, especially pupillary reaction and movement control.

Answer 5

Correct Answers:

Vital signs, cardiac rhythm, and peripheral pulses

Rationale :

💓In the immediate postoperative period, vital signs and cardiovascular status are the first and most sensitive indicators of fluid volume changes.

📉Hypovolemia from surgical blood loss or fluid shifts often presents as tachycardia, hypotension, and weak peripheral pulses.

📟Monitoring cardiac rhythm is essential to detect early signs of hypoperfusion or electrolyte disturbances.

🩺Peripheral pulses provide quick feedback on peripheral circulation, an early marker for fluid status changes.

📌Core Message

Vital signs, cardiac rhythm, and peripheral pulses are the earliest indicators of postoperative fluid volume deficit.

Answer 6

Correct Answers:

63

Rationale :

📊To calculate IV fluid rate: 500 mL ÷ 8 hours = 62.5 mL/hr, which rounds to 63 mL/hr.

⏱️IV fluid delivery must be accurate to ensure consistent hydration and prevent under- or over-infusion.

📉Too rapid infusion can risk fluid overload, while slower infusion may lead to inadequate perfusion.

🧮Using a pump ensures precision, especially important in clients with tight fluid balance needs.

📌Core Message

Setting the pump at 63 mL/hr ensures accurate infusion of 500 mL over 8 hours.

Answer 7

Correct Answers:

oxycodone

Rationale :

💊Oxycodone, a traditional opioid, is not typically effective for neuropathic pain like that of trigeminal neuralgia.

🔌Trigeminal neuralgia responds better to anticonvulsants like carbamazepine or gabapentin, which modulate nerve excitability.

🧠Oxycodone works via opioid receptors, not by altering neural transmission, and may increase sedation without true pain relief.

👉Because of its side effect profile and lower efficacy, oxycodone is generally avoided for this type of facial pain.

📌Core Message

Oxycodone is ineffective for treating neuropathic pain like trigeminal neuralgia and should be avoided.

Answer 8

Correct Answers:

"Avoid exposure to sun for at least 6 weeks after the treatment"

Rationale :

🌞Photodynamic therapy makes tissues highly photosensitive, requiring strict sunlight avoidance to prevent burns and damage.

🛑Photosensitivity may persist for 4 to 6 weeks post-treatment due to the photosensitizing agents used in therapy.

🧴Protective measures include avoiding bright lights, wearing protective clothing, and staying indoors during peak sunlight.

🚷Failure to follow these precautions can lead to painful phototoxic reactions and compromise healing of treated tissues.

📌Core Message

After photodynamic therapy, sunlight must be avoided for 6 weeks to prevent photosensitive reactions.

Answer 9

Correct Answers:

reporting multiple consecutive blood glucose levels over 200 mg/dL

Rationale :

📈Persistent hyperglycemia is a critical indicator of poor glucose control and may signal insulin regimen adjustments are needed.

🚨Consistently high readings above 200 mg/dL put the client at risk for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and long-term complications.

🩺Timely reporting ensures intervention before complications arise, such as dehydration, infection, or organ damage.

📊Monitoring trends, rather than isolated values, helps evaluate overall glycemic control and insulin efficacy.

📌Core Message

Persistent elevated blood glucose readings must be reported to prevent acute and chronic complications of type 1 diabetes.

Answer 10

Correct Answers:

Clay-colored stools

Rationale :

💩Clay-colored stools result from obstructed bile flow, a common manifestation in advanced pancreatic cancer, especially when the bile duct is compressed.

🧬Jaundice from biliary obstruction often coexists with acholic (pale) stools, dark urine, and pruritus.

🔬Pancreatic tumors at the head of the pancreas can block bile excretion into the intestines, changing stool coloration.

📋This finding is key in assessing biliary involvement and differentiating between hepatic and pancreatic causes of jaundice.

📌Core Message

Clay-colored stools indicate biliary obstruction, a common sign in advanced pancreatic cancer with jaundice.

1 :
A nurse is teaching a health promotion class about preventing cancer. Which statement by a client indicates understanding of gastric cancer risk factors?

2 :
The nurse is educating adolescent high school students about when to seek medical attention regarding suspected cancerous skin lesions. Which of the following are included in the nurse's teaching? The lesion has: (Select all that apply)

3 :
The client recovering from an esophagogastrectomy is preparing for discharge. What instructions should be included in the dietary teaching for this client?

4 :
The nurse prepares to assess the patient's cranial nerves. Which tool is necessary to assess cranial nerve (CN) Ill (oculomotor)?

5 :
The nurse is caring for a client in the immediate postoperative period following a pancreatoduodenectomy (Whipple) procedure. The nurse is assessing for decreased fluid volume in the client. What would the nurse assess first?

6 :
A client is to receive 500 mL of IV fluid over 8 hours. At what rate should the nurse set the IV pump?

7 :
The nurse is caring for a patient with trigeminal neuralgia. Which medication to treat the patient's pain would the nurse question?

8 :
In planning teaching sessions for a client undergoing photodynamic therapy for lung cancer, the nurse should include which statement?

9 :
The nurse is performing discharge planning for a client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. It would be most important for the plan to include:

10 :
A jaundiced client has just been diagnosed with stage IV pancreatic cancer. The nurse anticipates the client will display which clinical manifestation?

1 : A nurse is teaching a health promotion class about preventing cancer. Which statement by a client indicates understanding of gastric cancer risk factors?

2 : The nurse is educating adolescent high school students about when to seek medical attention regarding suspected cancerous skin lesions. Which of the following are included in the nurse's teaching? The lesion has: (Select all that apply)

3 : The client recovering from an esophagogastrectomy is preparing for discharge. What instructions should be included in the dietary teaching for this client?

4 : The nurse prepares to assess the patient's cranial nerves. Which tool is necessary to assess cranial nerve (CN) Ill (oculomotor)?

5 : The nurse is caring for a client in the immediate postoperative period following a pancreatoduodenectomy (Whipple) procedure. The nurse is assessing for decreased fluid volume in the client. What would the nurse assess first?

6 : A client is to receive 500 mL of IV fluid over 8 hours. At what rate should the nurse set the IV pump?

7 : The nurse is caring for a patient with trigeminal neuralgia. Which medication to treat the patient's pain would the nurse question?

8 : In planning teaching sessions for a client undergoing photodynamic therapy for lung cancer, the nurse should include which statement?

9 : The nurse is performing discharge planning for a client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. It would be most important for the plan to include:

10 : A jaundiced client has just been diagnosed with stage IV pancreatic cancer. The nurse anticipates the client will display which clinical manifestation?

1 :
A nurse is teaching a health promotion class about preventing cancer. Which statement by a client indicates understanding of gastric cancer risk factors?

2 :
The nurse is educating adolescent high school students about when to seek medical attention regarding suspected cancerous skin lesions. Which of the following are included in the nurse's teaching? The lesion has: (Select all that apply)

3 :
The client recovering from an esophagogastrectomy is preparing for discharge. What instructions should be included in the dietary teaching for this client?

4 :
The nurse prepares to assess the patient's cranial nerves. Which tool is necessary to assess cranial nerve (CN) Ill (oculomotor)?

5 :
The nurse is caring for a client in the immediate postoperative period following a pancreatoduodenectomy (Whipple) procedure. The nurse is assessing for decreased fluid volume in the client. What would the nurse assess first?

6 :
A client is to receive 500 mL of IV fluid over 8 hours. At what rate should the nurse set the IV pump?

7 :
The nurse is caring for a patient with trigeminal neuralgia. Which medication to treat the patient's pain would the nurse question?

8 :
In planning teaching sessions for a client undergoing photodynamic therapy for lung cancer, the nurse should include which statement?

9 :
The nurse is performing discharge planning for a client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. It would be most important for the plan to include:

10 :
A jaundiced client has just been diagnosed with stage IV pancreatic cancer. The nurse anticipates the client will display which clinical manifestation?