Question

The nurse encourages a female client with human papillomavirus (HPV) to receive continued follow-up care because she is at risk for:

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

Cervical cancer.

Rationale :

🧬Human papillomavirus (HPV) is strongly linked to the development of cervical cancer due to persistent infection with high-risk viral strains.

🧪The virus can cause cellular dysplasia in cervical tissue, which may progress to invasive carcinoma if not detected early through Pap smear screening.

⚠️Unlike infertility, dysmenorrhea, or dyspareunia, which are not primary risks of HPV, the most serious complication is cervical malignancy.

📊Regular follow-up care allows for early detection and intervention, which is critical for preventing progression to cervical cancer.

📌Core Message

Persistent HPV infection greatly increases the risk of cervical cancer, making regular follow-up care essential.

Answer 2

Correct Answers:

Respiratory depression

Rationale :

💨When a mother receives opioids close to birth, the drug crosses the placenta and can depress the newborn’s central nervous system.

💁‍♂️This leads to respiratory depression, which is the most serious and immediate concern in a neonate.

🧪Other effects such as urinary retention or abdominal distention are not as critical or directly associated with perinatal opioid exposure.

⚕️Monitoring the newborn’s respiratory status and being prepared to administer naloxone is essential for safe management.

📌Core Message

Maternal opioid use near delivery puts the newborn at high risk for respiratory depression requiring close monitoring.

Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Check the fetal heart rate.

Rationale :

💁‍♂️After spontaneous rupture of membranes, the first nursing action is to assess the fetal heart rate to detect signs of cord prolapse or fetal distress.

💧Although changing linens or notifying the provider are important, they are secondary actions compared to immediate assessment of fetal well-being.

⚠️A vaginal exam should not be performed until fetal heart status is confirmed, since manipulation may worsen cord compression if present.

📊Early detection of fetal distress allows for rapid intervention and prevention of adverse outcomes.

📌Core Message

After membrane rupture, the nurse must first assess fetal heart rate to rule out cord prolapse and distress.

Answer 4

Correct Answers:

20

Rationale :

📏The IV bag contains 40,000 units in 500 mL, so concentration is 40,000 ÷ 500 = 80 units/mL.

💉The patient requires 1600 units/hr, so dividing 1600 ÷ 80 gives 20 mL/hr.

⚕️Accurate calculation ensures safe heparin administration and prevents complications such as bleeding or ineffective anticoagulation.

🔑Using the formula method step by step is essential for accuracy in high-alert medications like heparin.

📌Core Message

Safe heparin infusion requires setting the IV pump at 20 mL/hr after proper calculation of drug concentration.

Answer 5

Correct Answers:

Present the information in a factual, nondirective manner.

Rationale :

📖When counseling about genetic abnormalities, the nurse’s role is to provide accurate, unbiased, and nondirective information.

🧬This allows the family to make informed decisions based on knowledge rather than nurse influence.

⚖️Maintaining confidentiality and gathering family history are important, but the most critical aspect is presenting information without bias.

👨‍👩‍👧‍👦This approach supports autonomy and respects the family’s right to make decisions aligned with their values.

📌Core Message

In genetic counseling, the nurse must provide factual, nondirective information to support informed family choices.

Answer 6

Correct Answers:

Estrogen deficiency.

Rationale :

🔥Hot flashes and night sweats are classic symptoms of vasomotor instability caused by estrogen deficiency in menopause.

🧪Low estrogen disrupts the hypothalamic regulation of temperature, leading to sudden flushing and sweating.

⚠️Other factors like diet, pH changes, or activity are not primary causes of these symptoms.

📊Addressing hormonal imbalance is key to understanding and managing postmenopausal discomfort.

📌Core Message

Hot flashes and night sweats in menopause are primarily caused by estrogen deficiency affecting thermoregulation.

Answer 7

Correct Answers:

Internal rotation.
Flexion.
Descent.

Rationale :

👶The fetus undergoes cardinal movements during labor, including flexion, internal rotation, and descent, to adapt to the maternal pelvis.

🧬These movements facilitate smooth passage through the birth canal and proper alignment for delivery.

⚠️Pronation and abduction are not recognized fetal movements in the process of labor.

📊Knowledge of cardinal movements helps nurses anticipate labor progression and recognize deviations requiring intervention.

📌Core Message

The normal cardinal movements of labor include flexion, internal rotation, and descent, ensuring safe passage.

Answer 8

Correct Answers:

Participating in regular daily exercise.

Rationale :

💪Regular weight-bearing exercise stimulates bone strength and reduces the risk of osteoporosis after menopause.

🧬Estrogen decline accelerates bone resorption, and exercise helps maintain bone density.

⚠️High-fiber diets, vitamin pills alone, or fluid restriction do not directly prevent osteoporotic changes.

📊Teaching lifestyle modifications like exercise is crucial in postmenopausal care.

📌Core Message

Regular daily exercise reduces the risk of osteoporosis by maintaining bone density in postmenopausal women.

Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Congenital anomalies.

Rationale :

🧬A high HbA1c of 13% in early pregnancy reflects poor glycemic control, which significantly increases the risk of congenital anomalies.

💁‍♂️Organ development occurs in the first trimester, so uncontrolled maternal diabetes exposes the fetus to teratogenic effects.

⚠️Conditions like placenta previa or incompetent cervix are unrelated, while abruption is more associated with later complications.

📊The primary concern during early pregnancy diabetes is preventing structural birth defects.

📌Core Message

Poorly controlled maternal diabetes in early pregnancy raises the risk of serious congenital anomalies.

Answer 10

Correct Answers:

Naloxone.

Rationale :

💊Naloxone is a pure opioid antagonist that reverses respiratory depression caused by opioid analgesics.

💁‍♂️It works by competitively binding to opioid receptors, displacing the opioid and restoring respiratory drive.

⚠️Agents like fentanyl and butorphanol are opioids themselves, while promethazine is an antiemetic, none of which counteract depression.

📊Immediate administration of naloxone is life-saving in cases of maternal or neonatal opioid-induced respiratory compromise.

📌Core Message

Naloxone is the antidote that reverses opioid-induced respiratory depression during labor management.

Southeastern College Maternity Exam

No.

1 :
The nurse encourages a female client with human papillomavirus (HPV) to receive continued follow-up care because she is at risk for:

2 :
A woman in labor received an opioid close to the time of birth. The nurse would assess the newborn for which effect?

3 :
A client's membranes spontaneously ruptured, as evidenced by a gush of clear fluid with a contraction. What would the nurse do next?

4 :
Your patient is receiving Heparin via a continuous IV infusion at a rate of 1600 units per hour. The bag is labeled N/S 500 mLs and contains Heparin 40,000 units. What rate should the IV pump be set at to deliver this ordered amount of Heparin? mLs/hr.

5 :
The nurse is counseling a couple who suspect that they could bear a child with a genetic abnormality. What would be most important for the nurse to do when working with this family?

6 :
When teaching a group of postmenopausal women about hot flashes and night sweats, the nurse would address which primary cause?

7 :
A nurse is preparing a class for pregnant women about labor and birth. When describing the typical movements that the fetus goes through as it travels through the passageway, which movements would the nurse include? Select all that apply.

8 :
Which measure would the nurse include in the teaching plan for a woman to reduce the risk of osteoporosis after menopause?

9 :
A pregnant woman with diabetes at 10 weeks' gestation has a glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level of 13%. At this time the nurse should be most concerned about which possible fetal outcome?

10 :
A woman in labor who received an opioid for pain relief develops respiratory depression. The nurse would expect which agent to be administered?

Southeastern College Maternity Exam

No.

1 : The nurse encourages a female client with human papillomavirus (HPV) to receive continued follow-up care because she is at risk for:

2 : A woman in labor received an opioid close to the time of birth. The nurse would assess the newborn for which effect?

3 : A client's membranes spontaneously ruptured, as evidenced by a gush of clear fluid with a contraction. What would the nurse do next?

4 : Your patient is receiving Heparin via a continuous IV infusion at a rate of 1600 units per hour. The bag is labeled N/S 500 mLs and contains Heparin 40,000 units. What rate should the IV pump be set at to deliver this ordered amount of Heparin? mLs/hr.

5 : The nurse is counseling a couple who suspect that they could bear a child with a genetic abnormality. What would be most important for the nurse to do when working with this family?

6 : When teaching a group of postmenopausal women about hot flashes and night sweats, the nurse would address which primary cause?

7 : A nurse is preparing a class for pregnant women about labor and birth. When describing the typical movements that the fetus goes through as it travels through the passageway, which movements would the nurse include? Select all that apply.

8 : Which measure would the nurse include in the teaching plan for a woman to reduce the risk of osteoporosis after menopause?

9 : A pregnant woman with diabetes at 10 weeks' gestation has a glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level of 13%. At this time the nurse should be most concerned about which possible fetal outcome?

10 : A woman in labor who received an opioid for pain relief develops respiratory depression. The nurse would expect which agent to be administered?

1 :
The nurse encourages a female client with human papillomavirus (HPV) to receive continued follow-up care because she is at risk for:

2 :
A woman in labor received an opioid close to the time of birth. The nurse would assess the newborn for which effect?

3 :
A client's membranes spontaneously ruptured, as evidenced by a gush of clear fluid with a contraction. What would the nurse do next?

4 :
Your patient is receiving Heparin via a continuous IV infusion at a rate of 1600 units per hour. The bag is labeled N/S 500 mLs and contains Heparin 40,000 units. What rate should the IV pump be set at to deliver this ordered amount of Heparin? mLs/hr.

5 :
The nurse is counseling a couple who suspect that they could bear a child with a genetic abnormality. What would be most important for the nurse to do when working with this family?

6 :
When teaching a group of postmenopausal women about hot flashes and night sweats, the nurse would address which primary cause?

7 :
A nurse is preparing a class for pregnant women about labor and birth. When describing the typical movements that the fetus goes through as it travels through the passageway, which movements would the nurse include? Select all that apply.

8 :
Which measure would the nurse include in the teaching plan for a woman to reduce the risk of osteoporosis after menopause?

9 :
A pregnant woman with diabetes at 10 weeks' gestation has a glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level of 13%. At this time the nurse should be most concerned about which possible fetal outcome?

10 :
A woman in labor who received an opioid for pain relief develops respiratory depression. The nurse would expect which agent to be administered?