Question

After taking orlistat for one week, a female client tells the home health nurse that she is experiencing increasingly frequent faty stools and flatus. Which action should the nurse take?

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

Ask the client to describe her dietary intake history for the last several days.

Rationale :

🧴Frequent fatty stools and flatus are common adverse effects of orlistat, especially when dietary fat intake is high.

🥑This medication works by inhibiting gastrointestinal lipases, so unabsorbed fat leads to gastrointestinal symptoms.

🗣️Obtaining a dietary history helps the nurse assess if the client is consuming excess dietary fat, which would worsen side effects.

📋Addressing modifiable dietary behavior is more appropriate than discontinuing the drug without proper assessment.

📌Core Message

Orlistat's side effects are linked to fat intake, so dietary history should be evaluated before changing the treatment.

Answer 2

Correct Answers:

Report any tendon pain or swelling to the healthcare provider immediately.
Limit exposure to sunlight and avoid tanning beds.

Rationale :

🦴Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone, which carries a risk of tendonitis and tendon rupture, especially in older adults.

🌞Photosensitivity is another known side effect, so sun protection is essential during treatment.

❌NSAIDs can increase the risk of central nervous system stimulation when combined with ciprofloxacin and should be avoided.

🥄Crushing tablets is contraindicated due to altered drug release and absorption.

📌Core Message

Ciprofloxacin requires sun protection and immediate reporting of tendon pain due to photosensitivity and tendon rupture risk.

Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Liver function test.

Rationale :

🧪Albendazole is metabolized in the liver, and symptoms such as fatigue, nausea, jaundice, and dark urine indicate possible hepatotoxicity.

💉Liver function tests (LFTs) are essential for evaluating bilirubin, ALT, AST, which may be elevated in liver damage.

🧵Renal or thyroid tests are not useful in this context since they don’t reflect hepatic injury.

📈Fatigue and scleral icterus are classic indicators of liver dysfunction.

📌Core Message

Liver function tests should be prioritized when hepatotoxic symptoms arise in clients taking albendazole.

Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Wheezing and dyspnea

Rationale :

💨Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening allergic reaction marked by respiratory distress, such as wheezing and shortness of breath.

🌡️This occurs due to bronchoconstriction and airway edema, which must be recognized immediately.

🧴Urticaria and pruritus are signs of a milder allergic reaction, not anaphylaxis.

🚑Immediate identification of respiratory compromise is critical for timely administration of epinephrine.

📌Core Message

Wheezing and dyspnea are hallmark signs of anaphylaxis that require urgent intervention.

Answer 5

Correct Answers:

Teach the client self-injection skills for daily subcutaneous administration.

Rationale :

💉Insulin glargine is a long-acting basal insulin designed for once-daily subcutaneous injection to maintain stable glucose levels.

🕐It should not be adjusted based on mealtime readings as its action is not meal-dependent.

📚Client education should focus on proper injection technique, site rotation, and consistent daily use.

🚫It is not used for acute hypoglycemia and should never be increased during ketoacidosis without provider direction.

📌Core Message

Insulin glargine requires daily subcutaneous injection, and clients must be trained for self-administration.

Answer 6

Correct Answers:

Guaifenesin

Rationale :

🌬️Guaifenesin is an expectorant used to help loosen and thin mucus in clients with chronic productive cough, such as in COPD.

💊It aids in clearing secretions from the airways and facilitates better breathing.

🔄Other options like salmeterol and tiotropium are maintenance bronchodilators, not directly useful for cough relief.

🔥Prednisone may reduce inflammation but doesn’t specifically address mucus clearance.

📌Core Message

Guaifenesin helps relieve productive cough in COPD by promoting mucus clearance.

Answer 7

Correct Answers:

Wound and blood specimen for culture and sensitivity.

Rationale :

🧫Before starting a broad-spectrum antibiotic like ticarcillin, it is essential to obtain culture specimens to identify the pathogen.

🔍This helps in guiding targeted antibiotic therapy and reduces the risk of antibiotic resistance.

🧾Other actions like monitoring electrolytes or applying topical antibiotics can be done after starting therapy.

🕓Cultures must be collected prior to first dose to ensure accuracy.

📌Core Message

Culture and sensitivity testing must be done before starting broad-spectrum antibiotics like ticarcillin.

Answer 8

Correct Answers:

Recent use of other antidepressants.

Rationale :

💣Duloxetine is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), and combining it with other antidepressants can cause serotonin syndrome.

⚠️This potentially life-threatening condition presents with agitation, confusion, fever, and neuromuscular abnormalities.

📋A detailed medication history helps avoid dangerous drug interactions.

🧪While weight changes and liver function are relevant, recent antidepressant use is most critical initially.

📌Core Message

Assess for recent antidepressant use before initiating duloxetine to avoid serotonin syndrome.

Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Determine sleep patterns.

Rationale :

😴Melatonin is a natural hormone supplement that promotes regulation of sleep-wake cycles.

🛏️Its effectiveness is measured by improvement in sleep quality and duration, not anxiety levels or circulatory status.

👁️Peripheral edema or pedal pulses are not relevant in evaluating the impact of melatonin.

🕓Tracking sleep allows the nurse to assess therapeutic benefit of the supplement.

📌Core Message

Melatonin improves sleep quality, so effectiveness is measured by changes in sleep patterns.

Answer 10

Correct Answers:

Coronary artery disease.

Rationale :

❤️Sumatriptan is a vasoconstrictor used for migraines and is contraindicated in clients with coronary artery disease (CAD).

💉It can induce vasospasm, leading to serious cardiac events such as myocardial infarction.

🧾A thorough cardiac history must be reviewed before administration to ensure safety.

🚫Diabetes, rhinitis, or IBS do not carry the same cardiovascular risk.

📌Core Message

Sumatriptan is contraindicated in clients with CAD due to its vasoconstrictive properties.

HESI RN Pharmacology 2025 Exam 1

No.

1 :
After taking orlistat for one week, a female client tells the home health nurse that she is experiencing increasingly frequent faty stools and flatus. Which action should the nurse take?

2 :
The nurse is preparing a discharge teaching plan for a client who is taking ciprofloxacin hydrochloride tablets which were prescribed because of a suspected anthrax exposure. Which instructions should be included in the teaching plan? (Select all that apply.)

3 :
A client who is taking albendazole reports experiencing fatigue, nausea, and dark urine. The nurse observes a yellowing of the client's skin and sclera. Which lab results should the nurse review?

4 :
Which assessment data indicated to the nurse that a client is having an anaphylactic reaction to a medication?

5 :
The nurse is planning to discharge teaching for a client with diabetes mellitus who has a new prescription for insulin glargine. Which action should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?

6 :
The nurse is preparing a client with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and a chronic productive cough for discharged home. Which prescribed medication should the nurse review with the client to manage this symptom?

7 :
On admission, the healthcare provider describes a broad spectrum of antibiotic, ticarcillin for a client with a gram- negative infection. Before administering the first dose, it is most important for the nurse to implement which prescription?

8 :
The nurse is planning care for a patient with major depression who is receiving a new prescription for duloxetine. Which information is most important for the nurse to obtain?

9 :
An older adult client with restless legs syndrome begins taking melatonin at bedtime. When evaluating the effectiveness of the herb which client assessment should the nurse complete?

10 :
Before administering initial dose of sumatriptan succinate to a client with a migraine headache, it is most to determine if the client's history includes which problem?

HESI RN Pharmacology 2025 Exam 1

No.

1 : After taking orlistat for one week, a female client tells the home health nurse that she is experiencing increasingly frequent faty stools and flatus. Which action should the nurse take?

2 : The nurse is preparing a discharge teaching plan for a client who is taking ciprofloxacin hydrochloride tablets which were prescribed because of a suspected anthrax exposure. Which instructions should be included in the teaching plan? (Select all that apply.)

3 : A client who is taking albendazole reports experiencing fatigue, nausea, and dark urine. The nurse observes a yellowing of the client's skin and sclera. Which lab results should the nurse review?

4 : Which assessment data indicated to the nurse that a client is having an anaphylactic reaction to a medication?

5 : The nurse is planning to discharge teaching for a client with diabetes mellitus who has a new prescription for insulin glargine. Which action should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?

6 : The nurse is preparing a client with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and a chronic productive cough for discharged home. Which prescribed medication should the nurse review with the client to manage this symptom?

7 : On admission, the healthcare provider describes a broad spectrum of antibiotic, ticarcillin for a client with a gram- negative infection. Before administering the first dose, it is most important for the nurse to implement which prescription?

8 : The nurse is planning care for a patient with major depression who is receiving a new prescription for duloxetine. Which information is most important for the nurse to obtain?

9 : An older adult client with restless legs syndrome begins taking melatonin at bedtime. When evaluating the effectiveness of the herb which client assessment should the nurse complete?

10 : Before administering initial dose of sumatriptan succinate to a client with a migraine headache, it is most to determine if the client's history includes which problem?

1 :
After taking orlistat for one week, a female client tells the home health nurse that she is experiencing increasingly frequent faty stools and flatus. Which action should the nurse take?

2 :
The nurse is preparing a discharge teaching plan for a client who is taking ciprofloxacin hydrochloride tablets which were prescribed because of a suspected anthrax exposure. Which instructions should be included in the teaching plan? (Select all that apply.)

3 :
A client who is taking albendazole reports experiencing fatigue, nausea, and dark urine. The nurse observes a yellowing of the client's skin and sclera. Which lab results should the nurse review?

4 :
Which assessment data indicated to the nurse that a client is having an anaphylactic reaction to a medication?

5 :
The nurse is planning to discharge teaching for a client with diabetes mellitus who has a new prescription for insulin glargine. Which action should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?

6 :
The nurse is preparing a client with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and a chronic productive cough for discharged home. Which prescribed medication should the nurse review with the client to manage this symptom?

7 :
On admission, the healthcare provider describes a broad spectrum of antibiotic, ticarcillin for a client with a gram- negative infection. Before administering the first dose, it is most important for the nurse to implement which prescription?

8 :
The nurse is planning care for a patient with major depression who is receiving a new prescription for duloxetine. Which information is most important for the nurse to obtain?

9 :
An older adult client with restless legs syndrome begins taking melatonin at bedtime. When evaluating the effectiveness of the herb which client assessment should the nurse complete?

10 :
Before administering initial dose of sumatriptan succinate to a client with a migraine headache, it is most to determine if the client's history includes which problem?